208. [✔][M]实现 Trie (前缀树)
Trie(发音类似 "try")或者说 前缀树 是一种树形数据结构,用于高效地存储和检索字符串数据集中的键。这一数据结构有相当多的应用情景,例如自动补完和拼写检查。
请你实现 Trie 类:
Trie()
初始化前缀树对象。void insert(String word)
向前缀树中插入字符串word
。boolean search(String word)
如果字符串word
在前缀树中,返回true
(即,在检索之前已经插入);否则,返回false
。boolean startsWith(String prefix)
如果之前已经插入的字符串word
的前缀之一为prefix
,返回true
;否则,返回false
。
示例:
输入
["Trie", "insert", "search", "search", "startsWith", "insert", "search"]
[[], ["apple"], ["apple"], ["app"], ["app"], ["app"], ["app"]]
输出
[null, null, true, false, true, null, true]
解释
Trie trie = new Trie();
trie.insert("apple");
trie.search("apple"); // 返回 True
trie.search("app"); // 返回 False
trie.startsWith("app"); // 返回 True
trie.insert("app");
trie.search("app"); // 返回 True
提示:
1 <= word.length, prefix.length <= 2000
word
和prefix
仅由小写英文字母组成insert
、search
和startsWith
调用次数 总计 不超过3 * 104
次
题解:
// @lc code=start
class Trie {
children: any;
constructor() {
this.children = Object.create(null);
}
private searchPrefix(prefix: string) {
let children = this.children;
for (const ch of prefix) {
if (!children[ch]) {
return false;
}
children = children[ch];
}
return children;
}
insert(word: string): void {
let children = this.children;
for (const char of word) {
if (!children[char]) {
children[char] = Object.create(null)
}
children = children[char]
}
children.isEnd = true;
}
search(word: string): boolean {
let ret = this.searchPrefix(word);
return ret && ret.isEnd !== undefined;
}
startsWith(prefix: string): boolean {
return !!this.searchPrefix(prefix)
}
}
/**
* Your Trie object will be instantiated and called as such:
* var obj = new Trie()
* obj.insert(word)
* var param_2 = obj.search(word)
* var param_3 = obj.startsWith(prefix)
*/
// @lc code=end